At a glance
- Shih Tzu tear stains result from their flat facial structure causing tears to overflow rather than drain properly through tear ducts
- The reddish-brown discolouration comes from porphyrin, an iron-containing molecule that these dogs produce in higher amounts
- Daily gentle cleaning with pet-safe wipes and proper grooming around the eyes can prevent permanent staining
- High-quality, hypoallergenic diets and filtered water often reduce tear production and staining intensity
You might notice those telltale reddish-brown streaks under your Shih Tzu's eyes and wonder if something's wrong. Many owners worry when they first spot these tear stains, especially on light-coloured coats where they're most visible. The good news is that tear stains are typically a cosmetic concern rather than a serious health issue, though understanding their causes helps you manage them effectively.
When it comes to tear stains in these dogs, their unique facial anatomy plays the starring role. Research tells us that their brachycephalic structure creates the perfect storm for tear overflow and staining.
Why Shih Tzus develop tear stains
The flat-faced structure that gives these dogs their distinctive appearance also creates challenges for proper tear drainage. Their shallow eye sockets and skin folds around the eyes mean tears often overflow onto the fur rather than draining through the tear ducts as they should. Sometimes the tear ducts themselves are partially blocked or poorly angled, causing tears to pool on the facial hair.
What creates that distinctive reddish-brown colour is porphyrin, an iron-containing molecule found in tears. When porphyrin oxidises after contact with air, it produces the staining you see. Shih Tzus tend to produce more porphyrin than many other breeds, which intensifies the discolouration over time.
Allergies can worsen the situation significantly. Both environmental allergens like pollen and dust, and dietary sensitivities, increase tear production. Identifying Shih Tzu allergies early helps prevent excessive tearing that leads to worse staining. Poor water quality also contributes. Tap water with high iron or magnesium content can intensify staining, which is why many owners find filtered water helps reduce the effect.
Eye irritation from debris, ingrown eyelashes, or eyelid abnormalities like entropion creates excessive tearing too. Sometimes infections develop in the tear-stained area, creating a cycle where irritation leads to more tearing and more staining.
Recognising when to seek veterinary help
Most tear staining appears gradually and remains consistent day to day. However, sudden changes warrant attention. Watch for excessive tearing beyond your dog's normal levels, or swollen, red, and irritated eyes. Yellow, green, or bloody discharge indicates possible infection and needs prompt veterinary care.
Hair matting or skin irritation near the eyes suggests the moisture is causing secondary problems. If staining appears suddenly in a dog that never had it before, or if your dog seems uncomfortable around the eyes, schedule a veterinary visit to rule out anatomical problems or infections.
Daily cleaning and prevention strategies
Consistency makes the difference between manageable tear stains and permanent discolouration. Use a soft, damp cloth or pet-specific wipes to gently clean around the eyes daily, removing tear residue before it builds up. Products like Angel's Eyes or Burt's Bees Tear Stain Remover are formulated specifically for dogs' sensitive eye areas.
Trimming hair around the eyes prevents irritation and reduces tear accumulation on the fur. Many owners learn to do this themselves with blunt-tipped scissors, though professional groomers can show you the safest technique initially.
Keep the area as dry as possible between cleanings. Some owners find that applying a thin layer of petroleum jelly to the fur below the eyes creates a barrier that prevents tears from staining, though this needs daily reapplication and careful cleaning.
Dietary approaches that work
High-quality, hypoallergenic diets often reduce inflammation and tear production. Brands like Farmina N&D White offer fish-based, low-allergen formulas specifically developed for small white breeds prone to tear staining. These typically cost $50 to $80 for a 15 to 20 pound bag, reflecting the premium ingredients.
Avoid foods with artificial dyes, fillers, or common allergens like chicken, beef, or grains if your dog shows sensitivities. The improvement usually becomes noticeable after about four to six weeks of dietary changes, as it takes time for the body's inflammatory response to settle.
Providing filtered or distilled water eliminates minerals that contribute to staining. Many owners report visible improvement within two to three weeks of switching from tap water, particularly in areas with hard water.
Professional treatments and interventions
When tear ducts are blocked, veterinarians can flush them with saline to restore proper drainage. This procedure is typically done under light sedation and often provides immediate improvement in tear overflow.
Infections require specific treatment with prescribed antibiotics or antifungals, depending on whether bacteria or yeast are involved. Your vet will take samples to identify the specific organism and choose the most effective medication.
Anatomical issues like eyelid malformations sometimes need surgical correction, though this is reserved for severe cases where conservative management fails. These procedures vary widely in cost depending on complexity and your location.
Managing expectations and long-term care
Existing stains often fade with consistent care, but deeply set discolouration may remain permanent. New staining typically responds well to daily cleaning and dietary changes within three to four weeks. The key is preventing new stains from forming while existing ones gradually grow out with the hair.
Environmental management helps too. Minimising exposure to dust, pollen, and smoke reduces allergic tear production. Regular grooming and bathing schedules keep the facial area clean and reduce bacterial buildup that can worsen staining.
Monitor for changes in staining patterns or eye health over time. What starts as simple tear staining can sometimes indicate developing eye problems, so maintaining awareness of your dog's normal appearance helps you spot issues early. Most dogs with proper daily care maintain comfortable, manageable tear staining throughout their lives.
